- This event has passed.
1) The excitement of discovery by Pierre-Jean Benghozi
Watch his video in the media area of the i3 website
2) The pleasure of testing a new tool for engineering students on a design project élèves
Students from Télécom Paris propose a design for the school's hall using a 3D Hyve.
Interview d'Aliénor Morvan
Three teams of engineering students are competing to design the reception hall of the new Télécom Paris building to be inaugurated in November 2019. Their mission? To propose a project to transform this busy place into a warm and friendly space, because it's the first impression that counts! The first contact will determine the positive or negative perception of visitors. To make a good impression on visitors and to make this place a welcoming space, the students carry out this project by inaugurating a new tool, the Hyve 3D, which allows users to be immediately in a 3D space.
"The emotion of discovery interests us in the way we apprehend a tool," explains Aliénor Morvan, a doctoral student in design (under the direction of Françoise Détienne, Stéphane Safin, teacher-researchers in cognitive ergonomics, and Tomas Dorta, professor of design at the University of Montreal and designer of the Hyve 3D). "The engineering students are technophiles and were eager to discover this tool. They enjoyed working with the Hyve 3D, which allows them to draw in 3D, to immediately see the rendering of the work done in a model and to project themselves in the place. This is very useful, especially when you can't draw. The engineering students liked the technological aspect and the intuitive aspect. They were very quickly receptive. They sorted out the different tasks, they quickly streamlined things between what they could do in the model and what they could do in the Hyve 3D. All the elements that are going to be suspended, it was easier to materialize in the Hyve 3D" she continues. If Aliénor and Stéphane Safin, a teacher-researcher in cognitive ergonomics, are so interested in the participants' reactions, it is because the project is a co-design work. Thus, the researchers study how the participants, who are themselves users of the place, elaborate the project. Their research focuses on the function of tools and methods and on understanding user behavior.
This study of co-design is indeed a scientific work. Poorly known in France, design is often considered as a purely aesthetic work whereas it is a science of conception. Design has been a field of research in Anglo-Saxon countries for a long time. The misunderstanding is born from the fact that the word design comes from dessiner which is a francization of the Italian verb designare but in Italian designare also has the meaning of conceive. "The word design comes from the word draw but also from the word design, that is to say, from the intention. Design is therefore the marriage of a tool of expression, the drawing, to serve an intention" says Annie Gentes, Director of Research at CY School of Design.
We understand that observation and empathy are essential in this discipline. You must also be able to put yourself in the visitor's shoes. "What emotions do we want the visitors to feel when they arrive? Will visitors enter and project themselves into the building? How can we give a strong enough emotion to the candidates who take the competitions so that they choose this school? The workshop made the students working on this project discover totally different points of view that they had never adopted to perceive the school. The lobby gives an idea of the school's identity. The workshop gave them a fresh look at the building itself," she concludes.
3) “Digital and living-lab to make stimulate collaboration between citizens and regulators during the management of a victim of a cardiac arrest”
By Ophélie Morand, Caroline Rizza, Stéphane Safin, researchers at I3-Telecom-Paris.
Anyone can witness a cardiac arrest on the street, at work or in the lobby of their building. As we all know, immediate cardiac massage can save lives, whether it is performed by professionals or by citizens. Some call centers have already implemented first aid coaching techniques for those who have never performed CPR. Unfortunately, because of the fear of doing the wrong thing or of hurting the victim, many witnesses remain paralyzed while waiting for the arrival of the emergency services. This is all the more dramatic because only 7-10% of patients (Gräsner et al., 2020) survive an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This is why it is necessary to work with citizens and rescue professionals to increase the chances of survival of victims.
It is in this context that the project "Numérique et living-lab : pour un citoyen secouriste" (Digital and living-lab : for a citizen rescuer) has been financed by the MAIF Research Foundation for a period of 2 years in collaboration with the University Hospitals of the city of Geneva and their 144 call center. The project aims at understanding the dynamics between the regulator (operator of the emergency call center) and the citizen during an emergency call and the mediation effect of a digital application (SARA) intended for the actual handling of the victim. It is also about highlighting how these individual behaviors are part of a collective prevention.
Many digital applications already exist for citizens trained in first aid. These applications, Permis de Sauver or Staying alive for example, are known by the 15, 18, 112 call centers. The citizens mobilized by these applications are private citizens: firefighters, volunteer firefighters, or people with a first aid certificate. The SARA application is intended for a wider public without knowledge or competence in first aid. It allows the caller to be accompanied by the regulator through video guidance.
Ophélie Morand, post-doctoral student in Ergonomic Psychology, Stéphane Safin, Senior Lecturer in Ergonomics, specialist in participative co-creation methods favoring the involvement of citizens and in the appropriation of technologies by users and Caroline Rizza, Lecturer in Information and Communication Sciences, specialist in crisis and emergency management and in the digital skills of its actors, collaborate in this project to understand the stakes of such a digital mediation and of the trust it can foster between first aid professionals and citizens.
The three researchers rely on a specific methodology (the living-lab) aiming at bringing together and collaborating with professionals in the field of personal assistance (call center operators/regulators) and informed citizens (first responders) or novices. Stakeholders will carry out simulations of emergency situations based on scenarios co-constructed by researchers and HUG doctors. The living lab is a method that has proven its effectiveness in transferring knowledge and developing a discourse and a common frame of reference for the stakeholders. "Emergency services operators think they are giving clear indications to the citizens who are helping them. But this information is not always understood in the field," explains Caroline Rizza, the project's scientific manager. These days of work will allow the application to be tested, new ideas to emerge, to reflect together on the application's functions and ergonomics, but above all to collectively identify the obstacles and levers relating to the performance of lifesaving gestures in order to encourage the creation of a link and trust. The researchers are particularly interested in the experiences and practices of citizens and professionals in terms of first aid gestures while collectively raising awareness of these gestures.
The Living Lab day will be divided into two parts: simulation workshops and, for the volunteers, participation in photography workshops led by Hortense Soichet, researcher and photographer. These workshops will allow to retrace the exchanges that took place between citizens and rescue professionals. They will be staged using a selection of the situations evoked, recurring gestures, feelings to be highlighted, etc. These photographs will be re-enactments of these actions performed by the participants and envisaged as an extension of the work done in the Living Lab. "It will capture a fear, a gesture and put them back into situation. I would like to reuse these photos to get people talking again, to go further than the interviews we do in this framework," explains Caroline.
This joint work on the simulations, the experiences and the emotions of each person aims to bring out a mutual understanding and a budding collaboration, allowing the development of trust between the two groups working together, which is essential for the success of an intervention. "Mutual trust between the citizens and the emergency services is the key to their involvement in the rescue operation. In order to be guided by the emergency services and to apply life-saving gestures, the citizens must be confident and conversely the regulator or the operator must be able to trust the caller to perform these gestures thanks to digital guidance" conclude the three researchers.
